Article on Computer

What is the Motherboard?

The Motherboard is the heart of your computer. It connects all your other components together so that they can interface happily.

The CPU, or processor, processes all information and performs all computations your computer needs to be done. Everything that you do, from running your calculator program to your advanced 3D video game, is done on your processor.

The GPU, or graphics card, processes all graphical information for your computer. Better cards have more memory to utilize, faster processors, faster memory, and a myriad other things. It takes a load off of the CPU. nowadays, a general rule is that all computers running the latest software need a graphics card separate from the motherboard.

RAM is the pool of memory accessible from you processors. The more the merrier.  The faster, the even merrier.

You might also be interested in sound cards, which process all audio information.

similarly,  physics cards (which ultimately failed after Agea was taken by Nvidia) compute physics in games that support them.

All of these extension cards/processors take loads off of the CPU. The slowest component is generally the speed of your computer, although some components get less information to process, so computing this speed is difficult.

Random Access Memory (RAM) provides space for your computer to read and write data to be accessed by the CPU (central processing unit). When people refer to a computer's memory, they usually mean its RAM.

If you add more RAM to your computer, you reduce the number of times your CPU must read data from your hard disk. This usually allows your computer to work considerably faster, as RAM is many times faster than a hard disk.

RAM is volatile, so data stored in RAM stays there only as long as your computer is running. As soon as you turn the computer off, the data stored in RAM disappears.

When you turn your computer on again, your computer's boot firmware (called BIOS on a PC) uses instructions stored semi-permanently in ROM chips to read your operating system and related files from the disk and load them back into RAM.

The RAM is the temporary memory used to load the OS and other prorgams and applications while he PC functions. It is a dynamic memeory which can read and write data ( does both) as far as the power is ON. And the processor accesses it to receive any particular data required to be processed and it stores temporarily the data that we input when a particular program runs ( the input we give).

The BIOS which boots the PC and searches and loads the OS to the RAM does it from ROM which is a computer chip on which the data is stored permanenetly on it and cant be modified ie nothing can be written into it after the initial software for booting is loaded into it and stays there permanently.

ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain.

Almost every computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware. This consists of a few kilobytes of code that tell the computer what to do when it starts up, e.g., running hardware diagnostics and loading the operating system into RAM. On a PC, the boot firmware is called the BIOS.

Originally, ROM was actually read-only. To update the programs in ROM, you had to remove and physically replace your ROM chips. Contemporary versions of ROM allow some limited rewriting, so you can usually upgrade firmware such as the BIOS by using installation software. Rewritable ROM chips include PROMs (programmable read-only memory), EPROMs (erasable read-only memory), EEPROMs (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), and a common variation of EEPROMs called flash memory.

Computer data processing is any process that a computer program does to enter data and summarise, analyse or otherwise convert data into usable information. The process may be automated and run on a computer. It involves recording, analysing, sorting, summarising, calculating, disseminating and storing data. Because data are most useful when well-presented and actually informative, data-processing systems are often referred to as information systems. Nevertheless, the terms are roughly synonymous, performing similar conversions; data-processing systems typically manipulate raw data into information, and likewise information systems typically take raw data as input to produce information as output.

Data processing may or may not be distinguished from data conversion, when the process is merely to convert data to another format, and does not involve anydata manipulation.

 What is CPU?

The word data is commonly used to mean “information.” It often suggests large amounts of information in a standardized format. Data may be or contain letters, numbers, equations, dates, images, and other material. Used specifically, data processing refers to a discrete step in the information processing cycle. In information processing, data is acquired, entered, validated, processed, stored, and output, either in response to queries or in the form of routine reports. Used in a more general sense, data processing refers to the act of recording or otherwise handling one or more sets of data.

It refers to a class of programs that organize and manipulate data, usually large amounts of digital data. accounting programs are the prototypical examples of data processing applications. In contrast, word processors, which manipulate text rather than numbers, are not generally targeted as the data processing applications.